Crane Signals & Communication
Standard ASME hand signals, voice signals, signal person requirements, when a signal person is required, and communication protocols.
- Identify when a signal person is required by OSHA
- Demonstrate knowledge of standard hand signals for crane operations
- Describe voice signal and radio communication protocols
- Explain signal person qualification requirements
Lección 1
Signal Person Qualifications & Requirements
When Is a Signal Person Required?
OSHA 1926.1428 requires a signal person whenever:
- The operator cannot see the load, rigging, or landing zone
- The operator cannot see the signal person who is guiding the load
- The crane is operating near power lines and the operator needs guidance
- Site conditions require additional safety communication
Mandatory Signal Person
If the operator's view of the load is obstructed at any point during the lift, a qualified signal person is required. This is not optional - it is an OSHA requirement. Operating blindly without a signal person is one of the most dangerous violations on a crane site.
Signal Person Qualifications
Under OSHA, signal persons must meet one of the following qualification standards:
- Third-party certified by an accredited organization
- Employer-evaluated through a documented qualification process
In either case, the signal person must demonstrate:
| Competency | Requirement |
|---|---|
| Standard signals | Knowledge of all ASME standard hand signals |
| Communication | Ability to communicate clearly with the operator |
| Judgment | Understanding of crane operations and hazard recognition |
| Positioning | Knowledge of safe positioning relative to load and crane |
| Authority | Understanding of the right to stop operations |
The "Stop" Authority
Both the signal person and the operator have the authority to stop any lift at any time for safety reasons. An emergency stop signal from anyone on the site must be obeyed immediately - regardless of who gives it.
Communication Rules
- Only one signal person directs the crane at a time
- If multiple signal persons are used (e.g., for pick and set at different locations), clear hand-off procedures must be established
- The operator must obey all signals from the designated signal person
- If the operator is unsure of a signal, they must stop and clarify
- Emergency stop signal from anyone must be obeyed immediately
A signal person is required whenever the operator cannot see the load or landing zone. Signal persons must be qualified (third-party certified or employer-evaluated) and know all standard hand signals. Anyone on site can give an emergency stop signal, and it must be obeyed immediately.