Layout & Pattern Design
Center-balanced layouts, running bond, herringbone, diagonal patterns, chalk lines, and large format tile offset rules.
- Plan a center-balanced layout using reference lines and dry-fit
- Identify running bond, herringbone, and diagonal patterns and their requirements
- Apply large format tile offset rules per TCNA standards
Lesson 1
Layout Principles & Centerlines
Planning the Layout
A well-planned layout ensures a balanced, professional appearance. The fundamental principle is to center the layout so cut tiles at opposite walls are equal in size and no cut is smaller than half a tile.
Reference Lines
Reference lines (chalk lines) establish the starting point and alignment for the entire installation:
- Two perpendicular lines create four quadrants for installation
- Lines must be perfectly square (check with 3-4-5 triangle method)
- Starting in the center ensures balanced cuts at all edges
- Adjust the center point if the layout produces unacceptably small cuts
3-4-5 Triangle Method
Measure 3 feet along one line, 4 feet along the perpendicular, and the diagonal must equal exactly 5 feet. If not, adjust until the triangle is true. This confirms your reference lines are square.
Wall Layouts
Wall tile layouts follow similar principles with additional considerations:
- Start with a full tile at the most visible edge (usually the tub or shower floor line)
- Plan to avoid narrow slivers at the ceiling or top of the installation
- Level the first course using a ledger board or laser level - never rely on the tub or floor being level
Always plan a center-balanced layout to ensure equal cuts at opposite walls. Use the 3-4-5 triangle method to verify reference lines are square. Dry-fit tiles before setting to identify and correct layout issues.